A newborn’s connection to the world begins with movement—an instinctive grasp, a wobbly reach, the first unsteady step. These early motions, whether delicate or bold, lay the groundwork for independence. Over time, what starts as a reflexive grip transforms into precise control, from fastening buttons with nimble fingers to racing across a playground with effortless speed.

Supporting motor skill development doesn’t require complexity. Everyday play, paired with simple, engaging activities, refines coordination, strengthens muscles, and builds confidence—small moments shaping a lifetime of agility.

Gross vs Fine Motor Skills: The Basics

Motor skills fall into two categories:

• Walking, crawling, jumping, and balancing are examples of gross motor skills tasks that require the use of large muscle groups. These skills are essential for mobility and coordination.

• Smaller, more precise actions that need fine motor skills include writing, using utensils, and grasping objects.

Both types develop gradually, influenced by age, environment, and practice. Over time, these skills are strengthened by promoting mobility via both scheduled and unstructured play.

Developing Gross Motor Skills

Gross motor development starts early. According to the CDC, children typically hit these milestones:

• 6 months: Rolls over, starts sitting with support

• 12 months: Pulls up, stands, takes first steps

• 2 years: Walks steadily, starts running, kicks a ball

• 3-4 years: Climbs, pedals a tricycle, jumps with both feet

• 5 years: Hops, skips, balances on one foot

Encouraging movement at each stage helps refine coordination and strength. Here’s how:

1. Tummy Time (0-6 months)

Babies are prepared for crawling by spending a few minutes each day on their stomachs, which builds the muscles in their neck, shoulders, and core. Toys should be placed slightly out of reach to promote movement.

2. Crawling Challenges (6-12 months)

Create small obstacles—pillows, tunnels, or soft toys—to inspire crawling. Reaching, stretching, and shifting weight build balance and coordination.

3. Dancing and Movement Play (12-24 months)

Music makes movement fun. Playgrounds, open fields, and backyard games are great places for this.

4. Outdoor Play (2-5 years)

Running, climbing, and riding a scooter or tricycle strengthen muscles and improve coordination.

5. Obstacle Courses (3+ years)

Easy setups with cushions, chairs, and tunnels encourage jumping, crawling, and climbing—building agility, problem-solving skills, and endurance.

Developing Fine Motor Skills

Fine motor control takes precision. Most pediatricians outline these developmental milestones:

• 6 months: Transfers objects between hands, starts reaching with intention

• 12 months: Uses a pincer grasp (thumb and forefinger) to pick up small objects

• 2 years: Begins using utensils, turns pages in a book

• 3 years: Holds a crayon correctly, draws basic shapes

• 4-5 years: Uses scissors, writes letters, fastens buttons

Small, controlled movements require strength and coordination. These activities support fine motor growth:

1. Grasping Practice (0-12 months)

Babies are encouraged to grasp and hold by soft toys, rattles, and textured objects, which strengthens the muscles in their fingers and wrists.

2. Stacking and Sorting (12-24 months)

Blocks, nesting cups, and shape sorters improve hand control and dexterity while refining spatial awareness.

3. Scribbling and Drawing (2-4 years)

Encourage toddlers to hold thick crayons and markers, practising lines, circles, and shapes to build grip strength.

4. Threading and Lacing (3-5 years)

Stringing beads, threading shoelaces, or using tweezers to pick up objects refines finger control and precision.

5. Cutting and Crafting (4+ years)

Children are encouraged to engage in arts and crafts to activate the small muscles in their hands, fingers, and wrists. Simple materials such as sponges, brushes, and safety scissors improve their grip and finetune their control.

Why Motor Skills Matter

Motor skills influence more than movement—they affect brain development, problem-solving, and overall confidence. According to a study published in the National Library of Development, early motor activities help children develop stronger cognitive skills later in life. The World Health Organization also recommends that children under five should be physically active for at least 180 minutes per day in order to support healthy growth.

Encouraging Consistent Growth

1. Make it fun: Learning happens naturally through play.

2. Provide diversity: Engage in a variety of activities to develop different skills.

3. Be patient: Every child develops at their own pace. Progress matters more than speed.

4. Reduce the time spent on screens: Playing with the sense of touch is essential for coordination and dexterity.

5. Make use of everyday tasks: Cleaning, eating, and dressing all need tiny motions that improve motor abilities.

When to Seek Support

While slight delays are normal, some signs may indicate a need for professional evaluation:

• 18 months: Not walking independently

• 2 years: Struggles to grasp small objects or use both hands together

• 3 years: Avoids activities requiring hand coordination, like colouring or stacking

• 4+ years: Significant balance or coordination difficulties

A paediatrician or occupational therapist can evaluate progress and offer specific advice if issues are raised.

Final Thoughts

The process of developing motor skills is progressive and influenced by play, movement, and discovery. Children gradually improve their control and coordination through climbing, sketching, and other ordinary activities.

Active play promotes independence, self-assurance, and lifetime enjoyment of movement in addition to improving motor abilities.

Are you trying to find toys and activity sets that can help your youngster grow? Explore Mothercare Malaysia’s collection today. We carry esteemed toy brands, including Swedish company Jabadabado, known for offering natural, sustainable and imaginative toy designs that are drawn from over 30 years of experience. 

Alternatively, visit our stores in Malaysia to experience the possibilities in person.